Expert warns about energy saving measures before winter

On the occasion of World Savings Day, October 31, Industrial Engineer Assoc. Prof. Muhammet Enis Bulak emphasized the importance of energy efficiency, saying, “Effective thermal insulation should be applied in buildings, and heat loss through exterior walls, roofs, and windows must be minimized.”

Highlighting that buildings with proper insulation achieve an average of 30 to 50 percent reduction in energy costs, Assoc. Prof. Bulak stated, “Exterior wall insulation can reduce heat loss by around 40 percent, and roof insulation can add another 20 percent reduction. When combined with insulated windows and frames, total energy savings can reach up to 50 percent.”

Üsküdar University Graduate of Science Acting Director and Vice Head of the Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Assoc. Prof. Muhammet Enis Bulak drew attention to the importance of energy efficiency on World Savings Day.

Most heat loss occurs through external walls, windows, and roofs

Explaining that in Türkiye, most heat loss in residential buildings occurs through external walls, windows, and roofs, Assoc. Prof. Bulak said, “Walls without insulation, single-glazed windows, and insufficient roof insulation significantly reduce energy efficiency. In addition, air leaks and inadequate floor insulation increase overall heat loss, raising heating expenses.”

Major savings possible through simple measures

Listing effective measures to save energy during the winter months, Assoc. Prof. Bulak noted, “Effective insulation should be implemented in buildings, minimizing heat loss through the exterior, roof, and windows. Improving the sealing of windows and doors, using thermostatic valves and room thermostats, increases heating system efficiency. Taking advantage of sunlight during the day, keeping curtains closed at night to retain heat, performing regular boiler maintenance, cleaning radiators, and choosing energy-efficient appliances can all reduce heating costs.”

Windows are a critical point in energy efficiency

Recalling that window and door systems account for about 20–25 percent of total heat loss, Assoc. Prof. Muhammet Enis Bulak said, “Double-glazed, argon-filled windows and thermally insulated frames significantly reduce heat loss. Loose hinges or improper installation can create air drafts and prevent energy savings. In apartment entrances and balcony doors, a double-door system helps prevent warm air from escaping, improving comfort. For exterior doors, insulated steel or composite options should be preferred, and weatherstripping should be applied at the bottom threshold. Using double doors, especially at apartment entrances and balconies, effectively prevents warm air from escaping.”

Smart thermostats contribute to energy savings

Emphasizing the contribution of technological solutions to energy efficiency, Assoc. Prof. Bulak added, “With smart thermostats and automation systems, it is reasonable to expect around 8 to 20 percent energy savings. Under optimal conditions, such as efficient heating systems, conscious user habits, and well-insulated buildings, this rate can rise to 20 to 30 percent. However, simply replacing the thermostat alone does not guarantee a major increase in efficiency. The integration of the system, user behavior, and the building’s physical characteristics are the key factors determining the level of savings.”

Is the “Building energy performance regulation” applied in new constructions sufficient?

Highlighting that the Building Energy Performance Regulation (BEPY) is an important initiative aimed at improving energy efficiency in both new and existing buildings in Türkiye, Assoc. Prof. Muhammet Enis Bulak stated, “Under this regulation, new buildings are required to meet at least a Class C energy standard and obtain an Energy Performance Certificate (EKB). In addition, technical criteria have been defined regarding the thermal transmittance coefficients of structural elements such as walls, roofs, and windows, as well as the performance of heating, cooling, and ventilation systems. However, despite these technical requirements, if users fail to develop awareness and consistent habits regarding energy conservation, the regulation is unlikely to achieve its intended level of energy efficiency.”

Long-lasting insulation systems should be established

Emphasizing the importance of choosing the right insulation materials, Assoc. Prof. Bulak said, “When selecting insulation materials, products that are resistant to water and moisture, fireproof, and offer high sound insulation capacity should be preferred. Material type and thickness should be chosen based on the area of application to create durable systems that require minimal maintenance. In addition to being economically efficient, it is also important to select environmentally friendly and recyclable materials for sustainability. This approach not only provides energy savings but also reduces the environmental impact of buildings. Low-permeability materials should be used on exterior walls and roofs, while breathable materials such as mineral wool should be preferred indoors.”

Up to 50 percent energy savings is possible

Drawing attention once again to the efficiency potential of proper insulation, Assoc. Prof. Bulak noted, “Buildings with thermal insulation can achieve an average reduction of 30 to 50 percent in energy costs. External wall insulation can reduce heat loss by approximately 40 percent, and roof insulation can add another 20 percent reduction. When combined with insulated windows and frames, total energy savings can reach up to 50 percent. These improvements not only lower utility bills but also reduce carbon emissions by 30 to 40 percent, contributing to environmental sustainability. Therefore, a well-planned insulation system provides significant economic and ecological benefits.”