What do science and philosophy say about happiness?

Academics from Üsküdar University’s Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences came together with students at Burak Bora Anatolian High School for a talk titled “What do science and philosophy say about happiness?” The event explored the concept of happiness from the perspectives of psychology and philosophy. The speakers examined the neurobiological, psychological, and philosophical foundations of happiness, offering students a comprehensive overview of inner satisfaction, awareness, and the meaning of life. With active student participation, happiness was discussed in a multifaceted way at the intersection of science and philosophy.

The seminar featured Üsküdar University Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Vice Dean Asst. Prof. Zeynep Gümüş Demir, Prof. Tayfun Doğan from the Department of Psychology, and Asst. Prof. Baver Demircan from the Department of Philosophy.

The seminar drew strong interest from 9th and 10th grade students

Asst. Prof. Zeynep Gümüş Demir: “Happiness should be seen as a sustainable life practice”

During her presentation, Vice Dean Asst. Prof. Zeynep Gümüş Demir discussed the neurobiological foundations of happiness and examined what it means to pursue happiness in the rapidly shifting dynamics of the modern age. Demir noted: “Happiness is not merely an emotional state but a multidimensional phenomenon shaped by the interaction of genetic, biological, psychological, and social components. Brain chemicals such as dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, and endorphins, and brain regions such as the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus play important roles in the experience of happiness. Through neuroplasticity, the brain can enhance well-being with practices such as meditation, exercise, and positive thinking. True happiness is not a constant state of positivity, but rather the ability to maintain balance across different areas of life. Therefore, happiness is not a fixed goal but a learnable and sustainable life practice.”

Prof. Tayfun Doğan: “Happiness is like a climate”

Prof. Tayfun Doğan, from the Department of Psychology, discussed the psychological sources of happiness and emphasized the role of self-awareness in life satisfaction. Doğan stated: “Happiness can be defined as inner harmony and gratitude, which is being at peace with oneself, with others, and with the world. This distinguishes it from pleasure. Pleasure is part of happiness but not equivalent to it. Pleasure is like the weather, and it changes throughout the day. Happiness, however, is broader and more enduring; it is like a climate. In this sense, happiness can be considered a character trait. Like all valuable things, happiness requires effort and intentional practice.

Research shows that happiness corresponds to the highest form of health. To be happy is to be healthy. Studies demonstrate that happy individuals live longer, have stronger immune systems, and are more energetic. They are also more productive, creative, and efficient.

In the context of relationships, happy people are more preferred by others, perceive greater social support, and experience higher marital satisfaction. From a societal perspective, happy individuals are invaluable. Just as society needs honest, hardworking, and fair people, it also needs happy people because they tend to be more compassionate and helpful.”

Asst. Prof. Baver Demircan approached happiness from a philosophical perspective

Asst. Prof. Baver Demircan began his talk by discussing the meaning of Socrates’ statement: “The unexamined life is not worth living.” He emphasized that for individuals swept away by the ordinariness and monotony of daily life, the path forward lies in questioning oneself, one’s circumstances, one’s life, and one’s actions as a whole.

He explained that happiness in philosophy is examined within the discipline of ethics and that many Ancient Greek philosophers saw the purpose of life in achieving happiness. The term translated as “happiness” is eudaimonia, and within Aristotle’s ethical framework, it refers not merely to pleasure but to a state of being good through lifelong activity that is chosen for its own sake.

Demircan concluded by referencing Heidegger, emphasizing that the awareness of being-toward-death opens a possibility for becoming oneself, determining one’s own being, and taking ownership of one’s possibilities.

The event proceeded in an interactive format with strong student participation. Through their questions, students had the opportunity to explore the concept of happiness at the intersection of science and philosophy.